The Jez McKinley Wiki

This is a fantastic script for setting up a Chroot Jail. I have modified a little bit to make it work on my Ubuntu setup, but the credits go to Wolfgang Fuschlberger -> http://www.fuschlberger.net/programs/ssh-scp-chroot-jail/ and Michael Prokop -> http://www.michael-prokop.at/chroot/ .

(:source:) # # Feedback is welcome! # # Thanks for Bugfixes / Enhancements to # Michael Prokop <http://www.michael-prokop.at/chroot/>, # Randy K., Randy D., Jonathan Hunter and everybody else. ##################################################################### # # Features: # - enable scp and sftp in the chroot-jail # - use one directory (default /home/jail/) as chroot for all users # - create new accounts # - move existing accounts to chroot ##################################################################### # path to sshd's config file: needed for automatic detection of the locaten of # the sftp-server binary SSHD_CONFIG="/etc/ssh/sshd_config" # Check if we are called with username or update if [ -z "$1" ] ; then echo echo "ERROR: Parameter missing. Did you forget the username?" echo "-------------------------------------------------------------" echo echo "USAGE:" echo "Create new chrooted account or" echo "add existing User to chroot-jail:" echo "-> $0 username" echo echo "or specify \$SHELL and path where the jail should be located:" echo "-> $0 username [/path/to/chroot-shell [/path/to/jail]]" echo "Default shell = /bin/chroot-shell" echo "Default chroot-path = /home/jail" echo "-------------------------------------------------------------" echo echo "Updating files in the chroot-jail:" echo "-> $0 update [/path/to/chroot-shell [/path/to/jail]]" echo "-------------------------------------------------------------" echo echo "To uninstall:" echo " # userdel \$USER" echo " # rm -rf /home/jail" echo " (this deletes all Users' files!)" echo " # rm -f /bin/chroot-shell" echo " manually delete the User's line from /etc/sudoers" exit fi if [ -z "$PATH" ] ; then PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin fi echo echo Release: $RELEASE echo echo "Am I root? " if [ "$(whoami &2>/dev/null)" != "root" ] && [ "$(id -un &2>/dev/null)" != "root" ] ; then echo " NO! Error: You must be root to run this script." exit 1 fi echo " OK"; # Check existence of necessary files echo "Checking distribution... " if [ -f /etc/debian_version ]; then echo " Supported Distribution found" echo " System is running Debian Linux" DISTRO=DEBIAN; elif [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ]; then echo " Supported Distribution found" echo " System is running SuSE Linux" DISTRO=SUSE; elif [ -f /etc/fedora-release ]; then echo " Supported Distribution found" echo " System is running Fedora Linux" DISTRO=FEDORA; elif [ -f /etc/redhat-release ]; then echo " Supported Distribution found" echo " System is running Red Hat Linux" DISTRO=REDHAT; else echo -e " failed...........\nThis script works best on Debian, Red Hat, Fedora and SuSE Linux!\nLet's try it nevertheless....\nIf some program files cannot be found adjust the respective path in line 98\n" #exit 1 fi # Specify the apps you want to copy to the jail if [ "$DISTRO" = SUSE ]; then APPS="/bin/bash /bin/cp /usr/bin/dircolors /bin/ls /bin/mkdir /bin/mv /bin/rm /bin/rmdir /bin/sh /bin/su /usr/bin/groups /usr/bin/id /usr/bin/netcat /usr/bin/rsync /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/scp /sbin/unix_chkpwd" elif [ "$DISTRO" = FEDORA ]; then APPS="/bin/bash /bin/cp /usr/bin/dircolors /bin/ls /bin/mkdir /bin/mv /bin/rm /bin/rmdir /bin/sh /bin/su /usr/bin/groups /usr/bin/id /usr/bin/nc /usr/bin/rsync /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/scp /sbin/unix_chkpwd" elif [ "$DISTRO" = REDHAT ]; then APPS="/bin/bash /bin/cp /usr/bin/dircolors /bin/ls /bin/mkdir /bin/mv /bin/rm /bin/rmdir /bin/sh /bin/su /usr/bin/groups /usr/bin/id /usr/bin/nc /usr/bin/rsync /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/scp /sbin/unix_chkpwd" elif [ "$DISTRO" = DEBIAN ]; then APPS="/bin/bash /bin/cp /usr/bin/dircolors /bin/ls /bin/mkdir /bin/mv /bin/rm /bin/rmdir /bin/sh /bin/su /usr/bin/groups /usr/bin/id /usr/bin/rsync /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/scp /sbin/unix_chkpwd /usr/bin/watch /bin/ps /usr/bin/xterm /bin/date /bin/sleep" else APPS="/bin/bash /bin/cp /usr/bin/dircolors /bin/ls /bin/mkdir /bin/mv /bin/rm /bin/rmdir /bin/sh /bin/su /usr/bin/groups /usr/bin/id /usr/bin/rsync /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/scp /usr/sbin/unix_chkpwd" fi # Check existence of necessary files echo "Checking for which... " #if [ -f $(which which) ] ; # not good because if which does not exist I look for an # empty filename and get OK nevertheless if ( test -f /usr/bin/which ) || ( test -f /bin/which ) || ( test -f /sbin/which ) || ( test -f /usr/sbin/which ); then echo " OK"; else echo " failed Please install which-binary! " exit 1 fi echo "Checking for chroot..." if [ `which chroot` ]; then echo " OK"; else echo " failed chroot not found! Please install chroot-package/binary! " exit 1 fi echo "Checking for sudo..." if [ `which sudo` ]; then echo " OK"; else echo " failed sudo not found! Please install sudo-package/binary! " exit 1 fi echo "Checking for dirname..." if [ `which dirname` ]; then echo " OK"; else echo " failed dirname not found! Please install dirname-binary (to be found eg in the package coreutils)! " exit 1 fi echo "Checking for awk..." if [ `which awk` ]; then echo " OK "; else echo " failed awk not found! Please install (g)awk-package/binary! " exit 1 fi # get location of sftp-server binary from /etc/ssh/sshd_config # check for existence of /etc/ssh/sshd_config and for # (uncommented) line with sftp-server filename. If neither exists, just skip # this step and continue without sftp-server # #if (test ! -f /etc/ssh/sshd_config &> /dev/null); then # echo " #File /etc/ssh/sshd_config not found. #Not checking for path to sftp-server. # "; #else if [ ! -f ${SSHD_CONFIG} ] then echo "File ${SSHD_CONFIG} not found." echo "Not checking for path to sftp-server." echo "Please adjust the global \$SSHD_CONFIG variable" else if !(grep -v "^#" ${SSHD_CONFIG} | grep -i sftp-server &> /dev/null); then echo "Obviously no sftp-server is running on this system. "; else SFTP_SERVER=$(grep -v "^#" ${SSHD_CONFIG} | grep -i sftp-server | awk '{ print $3}') fi fi #if !(grep -v "^#" /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep -i sftp-server /etc/ssh/sshd_config | awk '{ print $3}' &> /dev/null); then APPS="$APPS $SFTP_SERVER" # Get accountname to create / move CHROOT_USERNAME=$1 if ! [ -z "$2" ] ; then SHELL=$2 else SHELL=/bin/chroot-shell fi if ! [ -z "$3" ] ; then JAILPATH=$3 else JAILPATH=/home/jail fi # Exit if user already exists #id $CHROOT_USERNAME > /dev/null 2>&1 && { echo "User exists."; echo "Exiting."; exit 1; } # Check if user already exists and ask for confirmation # we have to trust that root knows what she is doing when saying 'yes' if ( id $CHROOT_USERNAME > /dev/null 2>&1 ) ; then { echo " ----------------------------- User $CHROOT_USERNAME exists. Are you sure you want to modify the users home directory and lock him into the chroot directory? Are you REALLY sure? Say only yes if you absolutely know what you are doing!" read -p "(yes/no) -> " MODIFYUSER if [ "$MODIFYUSER" != "yes" ]; then echo " Not entered yes. Exiting...." exit 1 fi } else CREATEUSER="yes" fi # Create $SHELL (shell for jailed accounts) if [ -f ${SHELL} ] ; then echo " ----------------------------- The file $SHELL exists. Probably it was created by this script. Are you sure you want to overwrite it? (you want to say yes for example if you are running the script for the second time when adding more than one account to the jail)" read -p "(yes/no) -> " OVERWRITE if [ "$OVERWRITE" != "yes" ]; then echo " Not entered yes. Exiting...." exit 1 fi else echo "Creating $SHELL" echo '#!/bin/sh' > $SHELL echo "`which sudo` `which chroot` $JAILPATH /bin/su - \$USER" \"\$@\" >> $SHELL chmod 755 $SHELL fi # make common jail for everybody if inexistent if [ ! -d ${JAILPATH} ] ; then mkdir -p ${JAILPATH} echo "Creating ${JAILPATH}" fi cd ${JAILPATH} # Create directories in jail that do not exist yet JAILDIRS="dev etc etc/pam.d bin home sbin usr usr/bin usr/lib" for directory in $JAILDIRS ; do if [ ! -d "$JAILPATH/$directory" ] ; then mkdir $JAILPATH/"$directory" echo "Creating $JAILPATH/$directory" fi done echo # Comment in the following lines if your apache can't read the directories and # uses the security contexts # Fix security contexts so Apache can read files #CHCON=$(`which chcon`) #if [ -n "$CHCON" ] && [ -x $CHCON ]; then # $CHCON -t home_root_t $JAILPATH/home # $CHCON -t user_home_dir_t $JAILPATH/home/$CHROOT_USERNAME #fi # Creating necessary devices [ -r $JAILPATH/dev/urandom ] || mknod $JAILPATH/dev/urandom c 1 9 [ -r $JAILPATH/dev/null ] || mknod -m 666 $JAILPATH/dev/null c 1 3 [ -r $JAILPATH/dev/zero ] || mknod -m 666 $JAILPATH/dev/zero c 1 5 [ -r $JAILPATH/dev/tty ] || mknod -m 666 $JAILPATH/dev/tty c 5 0 # if we only want to update the files in the jail # skip the creation of the new account if [ "$1" != "update" ]; then # Modifiy /etc/sudoers to enable chroot-ing for users # must be removed by hand if account is deleted echo "Modifying /etc/sudoers" echo "$CHROOT_USERNAME ALL=NOPASSWD: `which chroot`, /bin/su - $CHROOT_USERNAME" >> /etc/sudoers # Define HomeDir for simple referencing HOMEDIR="$JAILPATH/home/$CHROOT_USERNAME" # Create new account, setting $SHELL to the above created script and # $HOME to $JAILPATH/home/* if [ "$CREATEUSER" != "yes" ] ; then echo " Not creating new User account Modifying User \"$CHROOT_USERNAME\" Copying files in $CHROOT_USERNAME's \$HOME to \"$HOMEDIR\" " usermod -d "$HOMEDIR" -m -s "$SHELL" $CHROOT_USERNAME && chmod 700 "$HOMEDIR" fi if [ "$CREATEUSER" = "yes" ] ; then { echo "Adding User \"$CHROOT_USERNAME\" to system" useradd -m -d "$HOMEDIR" -s "$SHELL" $CHROOT_USERNAME && chmod 700 "$HOMEDIR" # Enter password for new account if !(passwd $CHROOT_USERNAME); then echo "Passwords are probably not the same, try again." exit 1; fi echo } fi # Create /usr/bin/groups in the jail echo "#!/bin/bash" > usr/bin/groups echo "id -Gn" >> usr/bin/groups chmod 755 usr/bin/groups # Add users to etc/passwd # # check if file exists (ie we are not called for the first time) # if yes skip root's entry and do not overwrite the file if [ ! -f etc/passwd ] ; then grep /etc/passwd -e "^root" > ${JAILPATH}/etc/passwd fi if [ ! -f etc/group ] ; then grep /etc/group -e "^root" > ${JAILPATH}/etc/group # add the group for all users to etc/group (otherwise there is a nasty error # message and probably because of that changing directories doesn't work with # winSCP) grep /etc/group -e "^users" >> ${JAILPATH}/etc/group fi # grep the username which was given to us from /etc/passwd and add it # to ./etc/passwd replacing the $HOME with the directory as it will then # appear in the jail echo "Adding User $CHROOT_USERNAME to jail" grep -e "^$CHROOT_USERNAME:" /etc/passwd | \ sed -e "s#$JAILPATH##" \ -e "s#$SHELL#/bin/bash#" >> ${JAILPATH}/etc/passwd # if the system uses one account/one group we write the # account's group to etc/group grep -e "^$CHROOT_USERNAME:" /etc/group >> ${JAILPATH}/etc/group # write the user's line from /etc/shadow to /home/jail/etc/shadow grep -e "^$CHROOT_USERNAME:" /etc/shadow >> ${JAILPATH}/etc/shadow chmod 600 ${JAILPATH}/etc/shadow # endif for =! update fi # Copy the apps and the related libs echo "Copying necessary library-files to jail (may take some time)" # The original code worked fine on RedHat 7.3, but did not on FC3. # On FC3, when the 'ldd' is done, there is a 'linux-gate.so.1' that # points to nothing (or a 90xb.....), and it also does not pick up # some files that start with a '/'. To fix this, I am doing the ldd # to a file called ldlist, then going back into the file and pulling # out the libs that start with '/' # # Randy K. # # The original code worked fine on 2.4 kernel systems. Kernel 2.6 # introduced an internal library called 'linux-gate.so.1'. This # 'phantom' library caused non-critical errors to display during the # copy since the file does not actually exist on the file system. # To fix re-direct output of ldd to a file, parse the file and get # library files that start with / # # create temporary files with mktemp, if that doesn't work for some reason use # the old method with $HOME/ldlist[2] (so I don't have to check the existence # of the mktemp package / binary at the beginning # TMPFILE1="${HOME}/ldlist"; if [ -x ${TMPFILE1} ]; then mv ${TMPFILE1} ${TMPFILE1}.bak;fi TMPFILE2="${HOME}/ldlist2"; if [ -x ${TMPFILE2} ]; then mv ${TMPFILE2} ${TMPFILE2}.bak;fi for app in $APPS; do # First of all, check that this application exists if [ -x $app ]; then # Check that the directory exists; create it if not. # app_path=`echo $app | sed -e 's#\(.\+\)/[^/]\+#\1#'` app_path=`dirname $app` if ! [ -d .$app_path ]; then mkdir -p .$app_path fi # If the files in the chroot are on the same file system as the # original files you should be able to use hard links instead of # copying the files, too. Symbolic links cannot be used, because the # original files are outside the chroot. cp -p $app .$app # get list of necessary libraries ldd $app >> ${TMPFILE1} fi done # Clear out any old temporary file before we start #for libs in `cat ${TMPFILE1}`; do # frst_char="`echo $libs | cut -c1`" # if [ "$frst_char" = "/" ]; then # echo "$libs" >> ${TMPFILE2} # fi #done echo "hope we have uniq and sort..." if [ `which uniq` ] && [ `which sort` ]; then echo " we have uniq and sort so only have to copy files once... " cat ${TMPFILE1} |grep '=> /' |awk '{print $3}' |sort|uniq >> ${TMPFILE2} cat ${TMPFILE1} |grep '/' |grep -v '=> /' |awk '{print $1}' |sort | uniq >> ${TMPFILE2} else echo "No uniq or sort, this may take a while...." cat ${TMPFILE1} |grep '=> /' |awk '{print $3}' >> ${TMPFILE2} cat ${TMPFILE1} |grep '/' |grep -v '=> /' |awk '{print $1}' >> ${TMPFILE2} fi for lib in `cat ${TMPFILE2}`; do mkdir -p .`dirname $lib` > /dev/null 2>&1 echo "copying: " $lib # If the files in the chroot are on the same file system as the original # files you should be able to use hard links instead of copying the files, # too. Symbolic links cannot be used, because the original files are # outside the chroot. cp $lib .$lib done # # Now, cleanup the 2 files we created for the library list # #/bin/rm -f ${HOME}/ldlist #/bin/rm -f ${HOME}/ldlist2 /bin/rm -f ${TMPFILE1} /bin/rm -f ${TMPFILE2} # Necessary files that are not listed by ldd. # # There might be errors because of files that do not exist but in the end it # may work nevertheless (I added new file names at the end without deleting old # ones for reasons of backward compatibility). # So please test ssh/scp before reporting a bug. if [ "$DISTRO" = SUSE ]; then cp /lib/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib/libnss_files.so.2 /lib/libnss_dns.so.2 /lib/libxcrypt.so.1 ${JAILPATH}/lib/ elif [ "$DISTRO" = FEDORA ]; then cp /lib/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib/libnsl.so.1 /lib/libnss_files.so.2 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-ldb.so.3 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3 /lib/libnss_dns.so.2 /lib/libxcrypt.so.1 ${JAILPATH}/lib/ cp /lib/*.* ${JAILPATH}/lib/ cp /usr/lib/libcrack.so.2 ${JAILPATH}/usr/lib/ elif [ "$DISTRO" = REDHAT ]; then cp /lib/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib/libnsl.so.1 /lib/libnss_files.so.2 /lib/ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.1 /lib/libnss_dns.so.2 /lib/libxcrypt.so.1 ${JAILPATH}/lib/ # needed for scp on RHEL echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/kerberos/lib" >> ${JAILPATH}/etc/profile elif [ "$DISTRO" = DEBIAN ]; then cp /lib/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib/libnsl.so.1 /lib/libnss_files.so.2 /lib/libcap.so.1 /lib/libnss_dns.so.2 ${JAILPATH}/lib/ else cp /lib/libnss_compat.so.2 /lib/libnsl.so.1 /lib/libnss_files.so.2 /lib/libcap.so.1 /lib/libnss_dns.so.2 ${JAILPATH}/lib/ fi #Copy a keepalive script if you going to be using this as a tunnel echo "while [ 1 == 1 ]; do echo `date`; sleep 10; done" > ${JAILPATH}/bin/keepalive chmod 755 ${JAILPATH}/bin/keepalive # if you are using a 64 bit system and have strange problems with login comment # the following lines in, perhaps it works then (motto: if you can't find the # needed library just copy all of them) # #cp /lib/*.* ${JAILPATH}/lib/ #cp /lib/lib64/*.* ${JAILPATH}/lib/lib64/ # if you are using PAM you need stuff from /etc/pam.d/ in the jail, echo "Copying files from /etc/pam.d/ to jail" cp /etc/pam.d/* ${JAILPATH}/etc/pam.d/ # ...and of course the PAM-modules... echo "Copying PAM-Modules to jail" cp -r /lib/security ${JAILPATH}/lib/ # ...and something else useful for PAM cp -r /etc/security ${JAILPATH}/etc/ cp /etc/login.defs ${JAILPATH}/etc/ if [ -f /etc/DIR_COLORS ] ; then cp /etc/DIR_COLORS ${JAILPATH}/etc/ fi # Don't give more permissions than necessary chown root.root ${JAILPATH}/bin/su chmod 700 ${JAILPATH}/bin/su exit